Divorce of hindu person.

DIVORCE OF HINDU PERSON

     જે સપ્તપદી ના ફેરા ફરી અને સાત જન્મ સુધી સાથે જીવવા ના સોગંધ લીધા હોય અને સાતે જન્મ એજ પતિ અને એજ પત્ની મળે તે સપના જોયા હોય. તે જીવનના તબ્બકા માં જયારે છુટા પાડવાનું આવે અને એ છુટાછેડા આખા જીવતર નો ઘા બને એ ખરેખર આઘાતજનક બાબત હોય છે.

•      હિન્દૂ લગ્ન અધિનિયમ , 1955  કલમ : 13 માં છૂટાછેડા કોણ લઇ શકે અને ક્યાં સંજોગો માં લઈ શકે તે જણાવેલ છે.

•     પતિ અથવા પત્ની નીચેના કારણસર છૂટાછેડા માટે કોર્ટ માં અરજી કરી શકે છે.
•     વિધિઅનુસાર લગ્ન થયા બાદ લગ્ન સાથી સિવાય ના અન્ય કોઈ વ્યક્તિ સાથે સ્વેછાથી સમાગમ કરેલ હોય.
•     વિધિઅનુસાર લગ્ન થયા બાદ છૂટાછેડા ની અરજી કરનાર  સાથે ક્રુરતા પૂર્વક વર્તન કરેલ હોય.
•     કોર્ટ માં અરજી કરી હોય તેના બે વર્ષ થી અરજી કરનારનો ત્યાગ કરેલ હોય.
•     ધર્મ પરિવર્તન કરી વ્યક્તિ હિન્દૂ રહ્યો ન હોય.
•     એવી બીમારી થી પીડાતા હોય કે સાથે રહી શકાય તેમ ન  હોય.
•     તીર્વ અને અસાધ્ય રક્તપિત્ત થી પીડાતા હોય.
•     સંસર્ગ જન્ય ચેપી રોગ થી પીડાતો હોય.
•     કોઈ ગુપ્ત રોગ થી પીડાતા હોય.
•     સંસારનો ત્યાગ કરેલ હોય.
•     સાત વર્ષ ઉપરાંત થી હયાત ન હોય અને  ખોવાય ગયેલ હોય. 
• નીચે નો ચુકાદો આપની જાણકારી માટે  રજુ કરેલ છે. આ સિવાય પણ ઘણા ચુકાદા છે જેની પછી ચર્ચા કરીશુ.

•  Samar Ghosh vs. Jaya Ghosh , (2007) 4 SCC 511   

  No uniform standard can ever be laid down for guidance, yet we deem it appropriate to enumerate some instances of human behavior which may be relevant in dealing with the cases of 'mental cruelty'. The instances indicated in the succeeding paragraphs are only illustrative and not exhaustive.

    

(i) On consideration of complete matrimonial life of the parties, acute mental pain, agony and suffering as would not make possible for the parties to live with each other could come within the broad parameters of mental cruelty.

(ii) On comprehensive appraisal of the entire matrimonial life of the parties, it becomes abundantly clear that situation is such that the wronged party cannot reasonably be asked to put up with such conduct and continue to live with other party.

(iii) Mere coldness or lack of affection cannot amount to cruelty, frequent rudeness of language, petulance of manner, indifference and neglect may reach such a degree that it makes the married life for the other spouse absolutely intolerable.

(iv) Mental cruelty is a state of mind. The feeling of deep anguish, disappointment, frustration in one spouse caused by the conduct of other for a long time may lead to mental cruelty.

(v) A sustained course of abusive and humiliating treatment calculated to torture, discommode or render miserable life of the spouse.

(vi) Sustained unjustifiable conduct and behavior of one spouse actually affecting physical and mental health of the other spouse. The treatment complained of and the resultant danger or apprehension must be very grave, substantial and weighty.

(vii) Sustained reprehensible conduct, studied neglect, indifference or total departure from the normal standard of conjugal kindness causing injury to mental health or deriving sadistic pleasure can also amount to mental cruelty.

(viii) The conduct must be much more than jealousy, selfishness, possessiveness, which causes unhappiness and dissatisfaction and emotional upset may not be a ground for grant of divorce on the ground of mental cruelty.

(ix) Mere trivial irritations, quarrels, normal wear and tear of the married life which happens in day to day life would not be adequate for grant of divorce on the ground of mental cruelty.

(x) The married life should be reviewed as a whole and a few isolated instances over a period of years will not amount to cruelty. The ill-conduct must be persistent for a fairly lengthy period, where the relationship has deteriorated to an extent that because of the acts and behaviour of a spouse, the wronged party finds it extremely difficult to live with the other party any longer, may amount to mental cruelty.

(xi) If a husband submits himself for an operation of sterilization without medical reasons and without the consent or knowledge of his wife and similarly if the wife undergoes vasectomy or abortion without medical reason or without the consent or knowledge of her husband, such an act of the spouse may lead to mental cruelty.

(xii) Unilateral decision of refusal to have intercourse for considerable period without there being any physical incapacity or valid reason may amount to mental cruelty.

(xiii) Unilateral decision of either husband or wife after marriage not to have child from the marriage may amount to cruelty.

(xiv) Where there has been a long period of continuous separation, it may fairly be concluded that the matrimonial bond is beyond repair. The marriage becomes a fiction though supported by a legal tie. By refusing to sever that tie, the law in such cases, does not serve the sanctity of marriage; on the contrary, it shows scant regard for the feelings and emotions of the parties. In such like situations, it may lead to mental cruelty.